When people think of hypnosis, they often envision stage performances featuring a clock-swinging magician or scenes where volunteers reveal secrets while under a spell. However, hypnosis has a solid scientific foundation and has been shown through clinical research to alleviate pain, reduce anxiety, support smoking cessation, assist with weight loss, and improve sleep quality. It can also help children and teenagers regulate emotions and behaviors. Additionally, self-hypnosis is a practice some individuals use to manage stress and enhance overall well-being.
Hypnosis is characterized by an immersive, non-judgmental state of deep relaxation, which has been studied and refined for centuries. The term “hypnosis” was popularized in the 19th century by Dr. James Braid, a Scottish surgeon who discovered that focused concentration could make the mind more receptive to suggestions. Although this discovery was initially met with skepticism, the medical community has gradually explored and expanded its use over time.
A certified hypnotherapist typically begins by assessing a client’s susceptibility to hypnosis, as not everyone has the same level of responsiveness—though research indicates around two-thirds of adults are receptive. The therapist then guides the individual into a state of deep relaxation, often by evoking sensory imagery such as the sounds of the ocean or the warmth of the sun. The goal is to help the person enter a focused and calming mental space where their immediate surroundings fade into the background.
This process induces a state referred to as the “hypnotic state,” characterized by a combination of dissociation, immersion, and heightened openness. It allows people to become more responsive to therapeutic suggestions, which can help them detach from past traumas or visualize solutions to current challenges. For some, a single session is sufficient to bring about change, while others might incorporate hypnotherapy as an ongoing part of their mental health care.
Entering and emerging from hypnosis is similar to other altered states of consciousness, such as a “flow state,” where a person becomes deeply engrossed in an activity and loses track of time, or during meditation. Unlike meditation, however, hypnosis focuses on making individuals more open to specific suggestions. Self-hypnosis is also accessible to many, supported by apps that guide users through the process and promote goals like stress relief or behavior change.
Modern brain-imaging studies have provided insights into what happens in the brain during hypnosis. For instance, activity in areas related to task-switching can diminish, and connections to regions responsible for self-reflection may weaken. This could explain why individuals in a hypnotic state often report reduced self-consciousness. Additionally, parts of the brain involved in autonomic functions like heart rate and breathing may relax, contributing to the physical calmness often experienced.
Hypnosis has even found applications in surgical settings. For example, in certain breast cancer surgeries, patients may choose between general anaesthesia and localized anaesthesia combined with hypnotherapy. This approach, known as “hypnosedation,” has been studied in clinical trials and linked to reduced preoperative anxiety, minimized pain medication requirements, and less post-surgery discomfort.
Despite growing evidence supporting the use of hypnosis, challenges and skepticism remain. The lack of double-blind study designs in hypnosis research poses a difficulty since participants and practitioners inevitably know when hypnosis is being used. Moreover, while hypnosis has powerful potential, it has sometimes been misused, such as in attempts to recover false memories, leading to legal restrictions on such practices.
When applied by trained professionals, hypnosis can be a valuable tool for meaningful transformation. Susceptibility to suggestion, often seen as a vulnerability, can be harnessed as a source of strength in therapeutic contexts.
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